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Soren Aabye Kierkegaard
Nemoc k smrti
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 11 Size: 287 kB Book genre: philosophy Language: Czech Read: NO Added: 04.12.2005, 17:16 Thomas Hobbes
De Cive
Philosophicall Rudiments Concerning Government and Society
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 111 Size: 305 kB Book genre: philosophy Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 16:12 Annotation: De Cive ("On the citizen") is one of Thomas Hobbes's major works. The book was published originally in Latin from Paris in 1642, followed by two further Latin editions in 1647 from Amsterdam. The English translation of the work made its first appearance four years later (London 1651) under the title Philosophicall rudiments concerning government and society. Voltaire
Candide
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 104 Size: 545 kB Book genre: fiction Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 16:06 Annotation: Candide is a French satire written by Voltaire, a philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment,[6] first published in 1759. The novella has been widely translated, with English versions titled Candide: or, All for the Best (1759); Candide: or, The Optimist (1762); and Candide: Optimism (1947). It begins with a young man, Candide, who is living a sheltered life in an Edenic paradise and being indoctrinated with Leibnizian optimism by his mentor, Professor Pangloss.. The work describes the abrupt cessation of this lifestyle, followed by Candide's slow and painful disillusionment as he witnesses and experiences great hardships in the world. Voltaire concludes Candide with, if not rejecting Leibnizian optimism outright, advocating a deeply practical precept, "we must cultivate our garden", in lieu of the Leibnizian mantra of Pangloss, "all is for the best" in the "best of all possible worlds". Karl Jaspers
On My Philosophy
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 24 Size: 102 kB Book genre: philosophy Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 01:00 Annotation: In "On My Philosophy," renowned philosopher Karl Jaspers provides an introspective exploration of his philosophical perspective and intellectual journey. Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz
Principles of War
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 32 Size: 194 kB Book genre: philosophy Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:58 Annotation: "Not simply the greatest but the only truly great book on war," declared historian Bernard Brodie of Principles of War. Written two centuries ago by a Prussian military thinker, this is the most frequently cited, the most controversial, and in many ways, the most modern book on warfare. Author Carl von Clausewitz fought against the armies of the French Revolution and Napoleon, served as a high-ranking staff officer, and became a prominent military educator. By his day, war had become a contest of mass armies, with results decided by swift, concentrated action and superior effort. "Victory is purchased by blood," Clausewitz proclaims, stating that total victory is assured only through annihilation of the enemy's forces. Based on the author's "thought and observation, philosophy and experience," Principles of War examines the moral and psychological aspects of warfare, stressing the necessity of such qualities as courage, audacity, and self-sacrifice and the importance of morale and public opinion. Clausewitz emphasizes the notion of strategy as an evolving plan, rather than a formula, a concept that makes this work adaptable to modern strategists in fields beyond military science. Translated into virtually every major language, Principles of War is required reading in intermediate-level and senior military schools, as well as in many civilian strategic studies programs and business schools. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The Social Contract
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 81 Size: 386 kB Book genre: philosophy Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:55 Annotation: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a major Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism. His political philosophy heavily influenced the French Revolution, as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought. Rousseau was also a successful composer and made important contributions to music as a theorist. During the period of the French Revolution, Rousseau was the most popular of the philosophers among members of the Jacobin Club. Rousseau’s Social Contract is a cornerstone in modern political and social thought and makes a strong case for democratic government and social empowerment. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The Confessions
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 663 Size: 3,08 MB Book genre: philosophy Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:53 Annotation: When it was first published in 1781, The Confessions scandalised Europe with its emotional honesty and frank treatment of the author's sexual and intellectual development. Since then, it has had a more profound impact on European thought. Rousseau left posterity a model of the reflective life - the solitary, uncompromising individual, the enemy of servitude and habit and the selfish egoist who dedicates his life to a particular ideal. The Confessions recreates the world in which he progressed from incompetent engraver to grand success; his enthusiasm for experience, his love of nature, and his uncompromising character make him an ideal guide to eighteenth-century Europe, and he was the author of some of the most profound work ever written on the relation between the individual and the state. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Discourse on the Origin and the Foundations of Inequality Among Men
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 119 Size: 450 kB Book genre: philosophy Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:52 Annotation: Discover why Rousseau's criticisms of human nature, political hierarchy, and private property were so controversial in his time yet later hailed as a foundation of democracy in this edition of Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality among Men. Sigmund Freud
Úvod do psychoanalýzy
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 4 Size: 124 kB Book genre: psychology Language: Czech Read: YES (10.09.2023) Added: 03.12.2005, 00:48 Sigmund Freud
The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 33 Size: 150 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:44 Annotation: Freud's work is intended primarily as a polemic against the competing theories in psychotherapy which opposed his psychoanalysis, for example Alfred Adler's individual psychology and Carl Jung's analytical psychology. Adler and Jung had previously been followers of Freud but objected to his emphasis on sexual matters. His main criticism of them is their insistence on still calling themselves psychoanalysts. Sigmund Freud
A Philosophy of Life
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 13 Size: 126 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:42 Annotation: Lecture about the Philosophy of Life. Sigmund Freud
Chybné výkony
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 6 Size: 207 kB Book genre: psychology Language: Czech Read: YES (14.09.2023) Added: 03.12.2005, 00:39 Sigmund Freud
A Young Girl's Diary
Format: EPUBNumber of pages: 182 Size: 212 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:38 Annotation: This authentic diary, kept by a Viennese schoolgirl when she was eleven to fourteen years old, first appeared publicly in 1919. Richly expressive and emotionally moving, it intimately chronicles her passage from childhood to puberty with frankness, lucidity, and an honesty that scandalized the anonymous author's contemporaries. Trotzky's Diary in Exile
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 3 Size: 19 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:34 Annotation: This short text by the well-known psychologist and socialist humanist Erich Fromm (1900-1980) has never been published in any language. This review of Trotsky's Diary in Exile (1958) was found among Fromm's papers after his death. The Influence of Social Factors in Child Development
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 4 Size: 23 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:33 Annotation: Erich Fromm's essay "The Influence of Social Factors in Child Development" explores the significant role that societal and environmental factors play in shaping the growth and development of children. Fromm examines how cultural, familial, economic, and political contexts impact children's psychological, emotional, and cognitive development. He delves into the ways in which social norms, values, and power dynamics shape a child's sense of self, relationships, and overall well-being. Fromm emphasizes the importance of understanding the complex interplay between individual development and the larger social structures in which children are raised. Individual and Social Origins of Neurosis
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 8 Size: 34 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:32 Annotation: In this article, first published in American Sociological Review (Vol. IX, No. 4, August 1944) Fromm for the first time speaks of “culturally patterned defects” to be distinguished from “individual neurosis” and of “the pathology of normalcy”. Character and Social Process
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 16 Size: 57 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:31 Annotation: Erich Fromm (1900–1980) analyzes the relationship between an individual and a society throughout his works in an attempt to understand how a society influences its individuals and vice versa, how individuals form a society. In his attempt to understand the processes through which ideologies are created and absorbed by groups of people, Fromm formulates a social psychological position based on a unique combination of Sigmund Freud’s and Karl Marx’s thinking. Fromm’s firm belief is that Marxism needs a psychological theory, and psychoanalysis needs to adopt Marxist insights. From this original mixture, he posits the concept of social character, which is widely agreed to be Fromm’s single most important idea. Fromm’s social character is “the core of the character common to most members of a culture, in contradistinction to the individual character, in which people belonging to the same culture differ from. Human Nature and Social Theory
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 18 Size: 67 kB Book genre: psychology Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:31 Annotation: The following letter Erich Fromm wrote in 1969 to the Russian philosopher Vladimir Dobrenkov is a most impressive document of how deeply he was interested in getting contact with socialist thinkers and to discuss with them his reception of Marx and his understanding of socialism. Dobrenkov intended to write a book on Fromm and therefore started a correspondence with Fromm. Fromm tried to clarify many topics Dobrenkov misunderstood by presenting Fromm’s ideas. But actually one cannot say that Fromm’s clarifications showed much effect on Dobrenkov’s book Neo-Freudians in Search of Truth, published in many languages in the seventies (Moskau: Progress Publishers). Nevertheless, this letter is a convincing summary of Fromm’s concept of man and society and will be welcomed by all who are interested in Fromm’s understanding of human nature as well as his social theory and his reception of Marx. Thomas Hobbes
Three Text Edition of Thomas Hobbes's Political Theory
The Elements of Law, De Cive and Leviathan
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 626 Size: 3,4 MB Book genre: philosophy Language: English ISBN: 978-1-107-15523-7 Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:30 Annotation: Deborah Baumgold's Three-Text Edition of Thomas Hobbes's Political Theory is an indispensable resource for scholars of Thomas Hobbes, arguably the greatest political philosopher to write in English. By arranging the three texts side by side, this volume highlights substantive parallels between the texts and offers readers an enhanced understanding of Hobbes's political theory. Niccolo Machiavelli
History of Florence and of the Affairs of Italy
Format: EPUBNumber of pages: 355 Size: 394 kB Book genre: history Language: English Read: NO Added: 03.12.2005, 00:27 Annotation: History of Florence and of the Affairs of Italy is an historical account by Niccolò Machiavelli. Toward the end of 1520, the Cardinal Giulio of Medici, later Pope Clement VII, offered Machiavelli the appointment to write a history of Florence. Although Machiavelli was reluctant to accept, accepting was his only way to regain the good graces of the Medici who had regained power and were in a position to offer him employment and protection. Doing the history also provided a way for Machiavelli’s views to become the “official” history of Florentine and Italian affairs. Once completed, the work was presented officially to Giulio, now Pope, in May of 1526. Jiří Štefan, Jiří Hladík, Tomáš Adámek
Soudní lékařství a zdravotnicko-právní otázky
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 92 Size: 1,01 MB Book genre: legal Language: Czech Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:43 Niccolo Machiavelli
Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius
Format: EPUBNumber of pages: 491 Size: 496 kB Book genre: history Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:42 Annotation: The Discourses on Livy (Italian: Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio, literally "Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livy") is a work of political history and philosophy written in the early 16th century (ca. 1517) by the Italian writer and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli, best known as the author of The Prince. Where the latter is nominally devoted to advising the ruler of a principality, in other words a type of monarchy, the Discourses purport to explain the structure and benefits of a republic, a form of government based on some level of popular consent and control. Hugo Grotius
The Freedom of the Seas
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 63 Size: 158 kB Book genre: legal Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:32 Annotation: Mare Liberum (or The Freedom of the Seas) is a book in Latin on international law written by the Dutch jurist and philosopher Hugo Grotius, first published in 1609. In The Free Sea, Grotius formulated the new principle that the sea was international territory and all nations were free to use it for seafaring trade. The disputation was directed towards the Portuguese Mare clausum policy and their claim of monopoly on the East Indian Trade. Grotius wrote the treatise while being a counsel to the Dutch East India Company over the seizing of the Santa Catarina Portuguese carrack issue. The work was assigned to Grotius by the Zeeland Chamber of the Dutch East India Company in 1608. Hugo Grotius
On the Law of War and Peace
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 374 Size: 946 kB Book genre: legal Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:31 Annotation: One of the classic works of Western legal and political thought kolektiv
Život svatého Václava
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 6 Size: 26 kB Book genre: history Language: Czech Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:28 John Stuart Mill
Utilitarianism
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 63 Size: 174 kB Book genre: sociology Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:25 Annotation: British philosopher John Stuart Mill approached ethical theory with a scientist's eye in his contributions to utilitarianism. Building upon the premise set forth by Jeremy Bentham, Mill subjected his own work to the scientific method and deep, incisive inquiry. Mill formulated utilitarianism on the "greatest-happiness principle." Under this principle, it is ethical only to act in such a way that will deliver the greatest amount of happiness to the greatest amount of people. The work outlines how Mill defines and orders higher and lower forms of happiness as well as stressing the importance of holding an objective perspective when determining the ethical status of an event. A must-read for anyone with an interest in ethical inquiry. John Stuart Mill
Thornton on Labour and Its Claims
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 296 Size: 914 kB Book genre: sociology Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:25 Annotation: Mr. Thornton long ago gave proof of his competency to the treatment of some of the most important questions of practical political economy, by two works of great merit, “Over Population and its Remedy,”1 and “A Plea for Peasant Proprietors”2. Of the latter of these especially it may be said, that nothing but the total absence, at the time of its publication, of any general interest in its subject, can account for its not having achieved a high repute and a wide circulation. The lack of interest in the subject has now ceased; opinion is rapidly advancing in the direction which the author favours; and a new edition, with its facts brought down to the latest date, would be welcomed by advanced politicians, and would materially contribute to the formation of an enlightened judgment on one of the economical questions on which truth is most important, and prejudice still most rife. John Stuart Mill
The Subjection of Women
Format: EPUBNumber of pages: 96 Size: 141 kB Book genre: sociology Language: English Read: NO Added: 16.09.2024, 00:40 Annotation: The Subjection of Women is an essay by English philosopher, political economist and civil servant John Stuart Mill published in 1869, with ideas he developed jointly with his wife Harriet Taylor Mill. Mill submitted the finished manuscript of their collaborative work On Liberty (1859) soon after her untimely death in late 1858, and then continued work on The Subjection of Women until its completion in 1861. At the time of its publication, the essay's argument for equality between the sexes was an affront to European conventional norms regarding the status of men and women. John Stuart Mill
Representative Government
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 219 Size: 576 kB Book genre: sociology Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:21 Annotation: John Stuart Mill's essay "Representative Government" is a seminal work in political philosophy, where he explores the principles and advantages of democratic governance through representative institutions. Mill delves into the nature of representative democracy, its benefits, and potential pitfalls. He argues in favor of individual liberties and the need for limits on the power of the majority to prevent tyranny over minority interests. Mill discusses the importance of educated citizens, deliberative debate, and the value of dissent in maintaining a healthy democracy. John Stuart Mill
On Liberty
Format: PDFNumber of pages: 109 Size: 291 kB Book genre: sociology Language: English Read: NO Added: 01.12.2005, 20:20 Annotation: On Liberty is an essay by the English philosopher John Stuart Mill. Published in 1859, it applies Mill's ethical system of utilitarianism to society and state. Mill suggests standards for the relationship between authority and liberty. He emphasizes the importance of individuality, which he considers prerequisite to the higher pleasures—the summum bonum of utilitarianism. Furthermore, Mill asserts that democratic ideals may result in the tyranny of the majority. Among the standards proposed are Mill's three basic liberties of individuals, his three legitimate objections to government intervention, and his two maxims regarding the relationship of the individual to society.
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